Another WW2 artillery what if

sillygoose

Well-known member
Since the Allies seem to really have gotten their artillery park right in WW2 there is unfortunately not much to really suggest for them for a what if. The Axis on the other hand made a few mistakes with theirs, especially the Italians. However the German army made some pretty big mistakes of their own, one of which was to ignore the 128mm caliber until far too late in the war and instead waste money on a bunch of inappropriate systems.

Examples of systems they wasted money on that proved to be much less than ideal for their roles:

Ultimately the last three were to be replaced by the K44, the PAK 44 turned into an artillery piece once they realized the towed AT gun version was utterly impractical:

It was trying to outdo the Soviet 122mm corps level field gun, arguably one of the most superb artillery pieces of the war (for its class):

The silly thing is such a weapon already existed in the Germany navy's arsenal:

At 30 degrees (its naval mount max elevation) it had a range of 17km. At 45 degrees with a properly designed field carriage it probably could have reached out to 21 km given the performance of the slight lighter caliber 122m A19 with the same relative barrel length and slightly lower muzzle velocity.

So finally getting the point of this what if:
What if the German army and navy worked together better on artillery projects in the interwar and instead of the 4 guns listed above as wasteful they instead replaced them all with the 128mm L45 navy gun with a field carriage specially designed for it? It would be a corps artillery piece for long range interdiction/harassment fires and counter battery work. By the start of WW2 then they'd have the artillery piece in service in 10cm and 15cm SK18 numbers. Not only would it consolidate the types of artillery pieces and help create economies of scale, since it was already developed and the only investment for the army would be developing and producing the carriage as well as perhaps investing in more barrel making equipment it would be much cheaper and save on R&D resources.

Not only that, but it would be easy to convert into an anti-tank weapon much as how the PAK 44 was made into the main gun for Jagdtiger. Here it could even be made into a tank destroyer like the Nashorn even earlier.

It would be longer range than the 105mm SK 18, have greater throwing weight, wouldn't be all that much heavier relative to the resources needed to transport it, and already be developed for the navy. The 15cm SK 18 was simply too heavy and too much gun/too expensive for the throwing weight. The larger caliber Long Tom cannon the Americans used was several tons lighter, but with nearly similar performance.

It was recognized that the 128mm caliber was the near perfect blend of range, weight, cost, etc. between the 105 and 150mm calibers, but only in 1944 before it was too late to really matter.

Perhaps if there is a demand for a self propelled piece it could even get the VK3001H chassis into production as a 'waffentrager' both for a tank destroyer like the Nashorn and a SP artillery system like the Hummel.

Other than the British there probably wouldn't be much of an Allied response as the US already had the Long Tom and the Soviets the A19. The Brits might feel their equivalent BL 4.5 and 5.5 inch guns are obsolete given they were their equivalent weapons, but both would be outranged by the 128mm cannon. Plus despite the Allies lacking an equivalent to the superb 17cm cannon the Germans used IOTL (which the US pressed into service for themselves once they captured some) they didn't change their artillery parks in response.

Thoughts on the impact having a weapon like this that largely outranges most of the Allied artillery park would have? Especially if they can make considerably more of them than the mishmash of pieces they used IOTL in the role. Being able to reliably take out the enemy's artillery, the primary killer in the world wars, as well as hit deep targets is a pretty big deal. The Soviets decided to develop the concept post-war and that ended up causing the US problems in Vietnam and their proxy forces in Africa:
 
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ATP

Well-known member
It would be better,yes,but germans lost:
1.Thanks to economical and numerical advantage of soviets and Allies - some polish economist in early 1942 predicted,that they would lost in 1947-48.
2.Thanks to Hitler stupidity,they lost in 1945.

You want german victory? possible,if they fought soviet smartly/liberate,not genocide/ and added Turkey and Japan attack on soviets.Better guns would change nothing.

P.S if Poland agree to german alliance offer,it could work,too.
 

sillygoose

Well-known member
It would be better,yes,but germans lost:
1.Thanks to economical and numerical advantage of soviets and Allies - some polish economist in early 1942 predicted,that they would lost in 1947-48.
2.Thanks to Hitler stupidity,they lost in 1945.
Ok, sure, but this thread isn't about a different outcome to the war, just want the impact of a different decision about artillery would make on the conduct of the war. IOTL German artillery was generally outranged by the Allied corps level guns. It was only at the army level and above that the German artillery pieces were able to exceed their opponents. Mainly thanks to the excellent 170mm gun that the Allies copied in concept post-war with the US 175mm and Soviet 180mm guns.

I found a detailed specialist book about 20th artillery that talked about how much the lack of proper counterbattery guns hurt the German army against the Allies, especially in the east...though given the heavy use of super heavy guns they were still able to destroy a rather absurd number of Soviet guns.
https://tradocfcoeccafcoepfwprod.bl...chive/1945/DEC_1945/DEC_1945_FULL_EDITION.pdf
On the Eastern Front in three or four months one German army knocked out 4,000 enemy batteries during the course of continuous and heavy defensive fighting. Many times, by timely defeat of the enemy artillery, German artillery succeeded in preventing the execution of planned attacks. At other times, by intensive barrage, so much force was taken from an attack that it could later be easily repulsed by the infantry.

What would happen if the German army was able to have a lot of corps level guns capable of outranging nearly the entire Soviet artillery park? How does the Soviet army fight with a more limited artillery support?

You want german victory?
Wasn't the point of the thread.

P.S if Poland agree to german alliance offer,it could work,too.
I think I did a thread about that and only got into arguments rather than a scenario being worked out.
 
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ATP

Well-known member
Ok, sure, but this thread isn't about a different outcome to the war, just want the impact of a different decision about artillery would make on the conduct of the war. IOTL German artillery was generally outranged by the Allied corps level guns. It was only at the army level and above that the German artillery pieces were able to exceed their opponents in range. Mainly thanks to the excellent 170mm gun that the Allies copied in concept post-war with the US 175mm and Soviet 180mm guns.

I found a detailed specialist book about 20th artillery that talked about how much the lack of proper counterbattery guns hurt the German army against the Allies, especially in the east...though given the heavy use of super heavy guns they were still able to destroy a rather absurd number of Soviet guns.


What would happen if the German army was able to have a lot of corps level guns capable of outranging nearly the entire Soviet artillery park? How does the Soviet army fight with a more limited artillery support?


Wasn't the point of the thread.


I think I did a thread about that and only got into arguments rather than a scenario being worked out.

1.Point taken.Soviet helped germans,sending mostly untrained crews - they must keep guns wheel by wheel,so they could see and copy what one good crew did.Germans easily destroyed that,if they have guns there.Fins,too.

2.More good german guns=less succesfull soviet attacks=less territory taken by the time A bomb would drop on Berlin/war would last 4 months longer in this scenario.
Free Yugoslavia,Czech,and part of Hungary.Poland,unfortunatelly,not.

3.You should made 2 threads - one where Japan attack soviet in 1941,and Turkey after that.
Second - when Alliance of Germany,Japan and Poland attack soviets in 1940.
In both cases,soviets would fall.Probably.Maybe?
 

sillygoose

Well-known member
1.Point taken.Soviet helped germans,sending mostly untrained crews - they must keep guns wheel by wheel,so they could see and copy what one good crew did.Germans easily destroyed that,if they have guns there.Fins,too.
Usually given the greater accuracy and flexibility of German artillery, but the Soviets, as noted in the artillery journal article the Soviets when they choose could mass a smothering number of guns and ammo that would just overwhelm the Germans.
Artillery divisions were a bitch to deal with:
RedRA1.bmp


Hence the need and value of having lighter, cheaper long range artillery that could keep out of range of the masses of artillery.

2.More good german guns=less succesfull soviet attacks=less territory taken by the time A bomb would drop on Berlin/war would last 4 months longer in this scenario.
Free Yugoslavia,Czech,and part of Hungary.Poland,unfortunatelly,not.
Not sure if that is necessarily the case. Less successful Soviet attacks could well result in a failed D-Day:

Soviet success in Ukraine in early 1944 effectively stripped Normandy of the necessary margin of forces to potentially win, especially given that Hitler was convinced that Normandy would be at least one of the anticipated invasions (the Germans thought there would do two, which the Allies did, the 2nd not being where thought) so had ordered reinforcing of that region, which stopped due to the need for troops in Ukraine. Incidentally this also stripped Belarus of reserves, which led to Bagration succeeding.

3.You should made 2 threads - one where Japan attack soviet in 1941,and Turkey after that.
Second - when Alliance of Germany,Japan and Poland attack soviets in 1940.
In both cases,soviets would fall.Probably.Maybe?
Certainly both very interesting scenarios.
Though didn't Poland say they had no interest in attacking the USSR, which is why they didn't go for the alliance?
Yes, so long as the Allies didn't intervene in 1940 the Soviets would have lost to that alliance.
Probably yes to the Japan and Turkey attacking the Soviets too.
 

Buba

A total creep
The Americans got their artillery right - 105mm howitzer, 155mm howitzer and 155mm cannon.
But ... M1/2 155mm cannon aka Long Tom, i.e. the French GPF on modern mount - and LIGHT?!? Thirteen tons is light?
Although 13 tons actually is what one would expect of a weapon of such calibre and range.

IMO the Brits did not get their artillery right - IMO the 25pdr was too light (so they gave 72 of these guns to an InfDiv division - plus 16 mediums as de facto standard, i.e. 88 pieces in total), while almost everybody else was happy with 54-66 weapons in 10cm and 15cm classes) and Oh My God - what were they thinking/drinking?!? A box trail?!? With a fucking turntable for those moments when you wanted (or needed) to shoot at something else without relaying the gun? For a divisional piece?!? Getting it "right" would had been a 3,7 inch 32 pounder with split trail.
But the 5,5 and 7,2 inch jobbies were good, as was use of artillery.

I'm not sure if dropping the naval gun in a field mount would work. Naval rifles are designed with different working parametres in mind - e.g. weight is not much of import. Hence the redesign could be on a scale of actually devising a new weapon.

Nevertheless, indubitably the Heer could had adopted a better 8-ton class cannon earlier.
 

ATP

Well-known member
Usually given the greater accuracy and flexibility of German artillery, but the Soviets, as noted in the artillery journal article the Soviets when they choose could mass a smothering number of guns and ammo that would just overwhelm the Germans.
Artillery divisions were a bitch to deal with:
RedRA1.bmp


Hence the need and value of having lighter, cheaper long range artillery that could keep out of range of the masses of artillery.


Not sure if that is necessarily the case. Less successful Soviet attacks could well result in a failed D-Day:

Soviet success in Ukraine in early 1944 effectively stripped Normandy of the necessary margin of forces to potentially win, especially given that Hitler was convinced that Normandy would be at least one of the anticipated invasions (the Germans thought there would do two, which the Allies did, the 2nd not being where thought) so had ordered reinforcing of that region, which stopped due to the need for troops in Ukraine. Incidentally this also stripped Belarus of reserves, which led to Bagration succeeding.


Certainly both very interesting scenarios.
Though didn't Poland say they had no interest in attacking the USSR, which is why they didn't go for the alliance?
Yes, so long as the Allies didn't intervene in 1940 the Soviets would have lost to that alliance.
Probably yes to the Japan and Turkey attacking the Soviets too.

I think,that less succesfull Normandy would still win - but germans would keep them there longer.10:1 air superiority with battleship supporting your troops means victory.

Hitler try to get Poland as ally from at least 1934 to 1939.We were saved by stupidity of our leaders - both Piłsudzki and Rydz-Śmigły belived that Poland was superpower,and acted like that.
Well,we were not,but if we ally with germany to crush soviets,we would be next.Hitler really was mad ,so he eventually start another wars,including war with Poland.
 

sillygoose

Well-known member
The Americans got their artillery right - 105mm howitzer, 155mm howitzer and 155mm cannon.
But ... M1/2 155mm cannon aka Long Tom, i.e. the French GPF on modern mount - and LIGHT?!? Thirteen tons is light?
Although 13 tons actually is what one would expect of a weapon of such calibre and range.
Light relative to the 17cm piece that was the only heavy gun the Germans had that could outrange the 155.
17 tons in action, 23 to move.

The 128mm gun would still be somewhat outranged by the 155, but 40% lighter and considerably cheaper.

IMO the Brits did not get their artillery right - IMO the 25pdr was too light (so they gave 72 of these guns to an InfDiv division - plus 16 mediums as de facto standard, i.e. 88 pieces in total), while almost everybody else was happy with 54-66 weapons in 10cm and 15cm classes) and Oh My God - what were they thinking/drinking?!? A box trail?!? With a fucking turntable for those moments when you wanted (or needed) to shoot at something else without relaying the gun? For a divisional piece?!? Getting it "right" would had been a 3,7 inch 32 pounder with split trail.
But the 5,5 and 7,2 inch jobbies were good, as was use of artillery.
The British looked at their artillery differently; for their doctrine the 25 pounder was ideal. It was used as a suppression piece, not a destruction one. It was intended for volume of fire to keep the enemy's head down while the infantry and tanks did the killing. Their philosophy of speed of support and volume of fire were based on WW1 experience. Sounds crazy, but it worked pretty well IOTL.

This outstanding resource explains it all in serious detail:

I'm not sure if dropping the naval gun in a field mount would work. Naval rifles are designed with different working parametres in mind - e.g. weight is not much of import. Hence the redesign could be on a scale of actually devising a new weapon.
It would require some modification of course and a new carriage/recoil mechanism, but the breach and gun itself should be fine as is. The weight of the weapon was about 3.6 tons, so a ~7.5-8 ton land artillery conversion with the carriage and recoil mechanism should be viable, as that was about what the Soviet A-19 was.
 
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sillygoose

Well-known member
I think,that less succesfull Normandy would still win - but germans would keep them there longer.10:1 air superiority with battleship supporting your troops means victory.
Hardly a guarantee, see Anzio getting bottled up and nearly failing but for the collapse in Ukraine denying the defensive forces the necessary reserves to finish the job.

A less successful Normandy means it gets stuck and breaking out becomes impossible.

One big difference for instance was the locations of the 12th SS and 10th SS panzer divisions; the 12th replaced the 10th when it was sent east in March, but was stationed further from the coast due to the commanders having different views on where it was best to base their units. The 10th SS was half the distance to Caen and in fact had some elements stationed in the British airborne's drop zone; so once D-day airborne drops started it would trigger a rather immediate reaction from that division, which would cause the airborne drop to fail and likely at least one or more British beaches to fail. Especially given that the 21st panzer division would have support and wouldn't have to withdraw from its exposed position it drove into between Juno and Sword beaches. If the Caen axis of advance is a failure and ensures then that the panzer divisions from Calais could quickly and easily deploy at the remaining beaches due to the routes not being blocked things get really bad for the Brits and Canadians. If 2 of their beaches fail early on then the remaining 1 and American ones face a lot more Germans concentrated against them. If Omaha fails as well, which it very nearly did IOTL, and it might here due to having more ammo and reserves (iirc the corps involved would have had StuG brigade attached had it not been sent east to Ukraine) due to AG-South not collapsing, then there are only 2-3 successful beaches that would be separated from one another and that isolation would be fatal.

I forget the name of the book, but there was an extensive what if published about just Omaha beach failing and things get pretty ugly for the Allies as the campaign plays out.

Hitler try to get Poland as ally from at least 1934 to 1939.We were saved by stupidity of our leaders - both Piłsudzki and Rydz-Śmigły belived that Poland was superpower,and acted like that.
Well,we were not,but if we ally with germany to crush soviets,we would be next.Hitler really was mad ,so he eventually start another wars,including war with Poland.
So what would the POD have to be to get the Polish leadership to make the decision to ally?
 

Batrix2070

RON/PLC was a wonderful country.
So what would the POD have to be to get the Polish leadership to make the decision to ally?
Well, the power would have to be taken over by people appointed by Pilsudski, that is Walery Sławek as the one who leads sanacja and Kazimierz Sosnowski as Commander-in-Chief and Marshal of Poland instead of Rydz Smigły.

At the same time, I would like to point out that this Polish-German "alliance" would most probably be an alliance of the type of whoever stabs the other in the back first. After they knocked down the Soviet Union, of course.
 
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ATP

Well-known member
Hardly a guarantee, see Anzio getting bottled up and nearly failing but for the collapse in Ukraine denying the defensive forces the necessary reserves to finish the job.

A less successful Normandy means it gets stuck and breaking out becomes impossible.

One big difference for instance was the locations of the 12th SS and 10th SS panzer divisions; the 12th replaced the 10th when it was sent east in March, but was stationed further from the coast due to the commanders having different views on where it was best to base their units. The 10th SS was half the distance to Caen and in fact had some elements stationed in the British airborne's drop zone; so once D-day airborne drops started it would trigger a rather immediate reaction from that division, which would cause the airborne drop to fail and likely at least one or more British beaches to fail. Especially given that the 21st panzer division would have support and wouldn't have to withdraw from its exposed position it drove into between Juno and Sword beaches. If the Caen axis of advance is a failure and ensures then that the panzer divisions from Calais could quickly and easily deploy at the remaining beaches due to the routes not being blocked things get really bad for the Brits and Canadians. If 2 of their beaches fail early on then the remaining 1 and American ones face a lot more Germans concentrated against them. If Omaha fails as well, which it very nearly did IOTL, and it might here due to having more ammo and reserves (iirc the corps involved would have had StuG brigade attached had it not been sent east to Ukraine) due to AG-South not collapsing, then there are only 2-3 successful beaches that would be separated from one another and that isolation would be fatal.

I forget the name of the book, but there was an extensive what if published about just Omaha beach failing and things get pretty ugly for the Allies as the campaign plays out.


So what would the POD have to be to get the Polish leadership to make the decision to ally?

During Anzio Allies would not airfields 100km from landing with 10.000 planes there.1-3 beaches could be stopped,but Allies would win.Not mention battleships - no matter how many tanks german gather,they would start flying when battleship schells start falling on them.

About polish leadership - as @Batrix2070 said.

Better gun for germans - all they need is to mass - produce belgians 120mm guns they captured.Here:

Or polish 155mm prototype from 1939 - althought it was destroyed in OTL,and have some problems anyway.No knew what exactly,but they have good/19km/ or even excellent/27km/ range,but big problems with making barrels.
 

sillygoose

Well-known member
During Anzio Allies would not airfields 100km from landing with 10.000 planes there.1-3 beaches could be stopped,but Allies would win.Not mention battleships - no matter how many tanks german gather,they would start flying when battleship schells start falling on them.
They had major airbases all over Italy.
This operation ran during Anzio. Plus they had plenty of off shore fire support too. Still very nearly were driven into the sea:

Better gun for germans - all they need is to mass - produce belgians 120mm guns they captured.Here:

Or polish 155mm prototype from 1939 - althought it was destroyed in OTL,and have some problems anyway.No knew what exactly,but they have good/19km/ or even excellent/27km/ range,but big problems with making barrels.
The problem was not the design it was having the manufacturing facilities already set up. Besides that 120mm had lower range than the naval version of the 128mm I talked about in OP despite only being able to elevate to 30 degrees. At 45 degrees it would well outrange that Belgian gun. Which is why that was reserved for coastal defense.

Again the 155 was a prototype without manufacturing facilities. The 128mm gun was already in production and with pre-war army investments it could be mass produced, especially if all three services invested in 128mm caliber, as the Luftwaffe also used that.
 

Buba

A total creep
As to elevation - I remember from my elementary (or was it secondary?) school physics class that 45 degrees produces the maximum range. In a vacuum. But artillery does not operate in a vacuum ...
Hence 50-55 degrees makes the shells pass through less dense air, with less resistance, and thus achieves greater range.
FWIW that's what I remember from schooll almost 40 years ago :)

That 155mm Polish cannon is nappkinwaffe or vapourware like several other Polish pre-WWII projects. It was in prototype testing stage - no idea whether it would had worked or not.
 

sillygoose

Well-known member
As to elevation - I remember from my elementary (or was it secondary?) school physics class that 45 degrees produces the maximum range. In a vacuum. But artillery does not operate in a vacuum ...
Hence 50-55 degrees makes the shells pass through less dense air, with less resistance, and thus achieves greater range.
FWIW that's what I remember from schooll almost 40 years ago :)
Since the Soviet A-19 could elevate up to 65 degrees I'd imagine that should be doable with a purpose designed carriage.
 

ATP

Well-known member
They had major airbases all over Italy.
This operation ran during Anzio. Plus they had plenty of off shore fire support too. Still very nearly were driven into the sea:


The problem was not the design it was having the manufacturing facilities already set up. Besides that 120mm had lower range than the naval version of the 128mm I talked about in OP despite only being able to elevate to 30 degrees. At 45 degrees it would well outrange that Belgian gun. Which is why that was reserved for coastal defense.

Again the 155 was a prototype without manufacturing facilities. The 128mm gun was already in production and with pre-war army investments it could be mass produced, especially if all three services invested in 128mm caliber, as the Luftwaffe also used that.

1.Yes,they have airbases in Italy,but nothing compare to those in England.If nothing else help,they could,except few thousend of P.47 and Mustangs,send 1000 B.17 and B.24 to carpet bombing any german dyvision foolish enough to attack.
They would hold,no matter what - question is,when they manage to break.
In this scenario it would be probable early 1945 year.

War could end with Allies still fighting on France border,and soviets crossing Dniepr line.With A bomb,of course.

About belgium 120mm gun - you are right,128mm would be better idea.And polish 155mm,like @Buba said,could not even work properly.
 

sillygoose

Well-known member
1.Yes,they have airbases in Italy,but nothing compare to those in England.If nothing else help,they could,except few thousend of P.47 and Mustangs,send 1000 B.17 and B.24 to carpet bombing any german dyvision foolish enough to attack.
They would hold,no matter what - question is,when they manage to break.
In this scenario it would be probable early 1945 year.
The air bases in Italy were quite large, but more aircraft were based in England since that had been building up since before the war and Italy only started getting Allied aircraft in September 1943.

The initial landings in France had the potential to be defeated at the beach line given the problem of spotting until they could get inland sufficiently and set up communications, but you are right that once established tossing them back in the sea would be virtually impossible. But if they could be hemmed in and bombarded and not able to break out then the lodgment would eventually have to be evacuated since unlike in Italy there was no main front to draw off reserves.

The Allies have a casualty limit they could take for no significant gain. Sure they could bombard Normandy to hell and back, but if they are kept in another Anzio without the ability to break out then it is unlikely they'd stay until 1945 due to the attrition rates. Plus if there were plenty of 128mm guns to go around the Normandy bridgehead if relatively contained would be getting pummeled by them out of range of counter battery fire. Basing 155s in Normandy would be difficult if the beachheads are contained and offshore naval fire support wouldn't really be in a position to conduct counter battery fire. AFAIK they only provided long range interdiction fires or direct fire support for the front lines due to their limited range and the challenges of communications and spotting. Air power would be the only way to really strike at artillery and as it was FLAK was quite dense in that region, costing the Allies over 4000 aircraft during the campaign. So airpower isn't a guaranteed solution either.

John Holland's book on Normandy, though I have a lot of disagreements with his takes, still has some interesting perspectives about the campaign, including the horrible attrition rate it imposed on the Allies before they could base significant forces on the continent, especially the air units. When hemmed in they couldn't really deploy their combat power effectively, so the badly outnumbered Germans were about to outperform what they really should have been capable of doing relative to the avalanche of material that was waiting to be fed into the continent.

War could end with Allies still fighting on France border,and soviets crossing Dniepr line.With A bomb,of course.
Perhaps or the Allies could give up on Normandy and try to land elsewhere.

A-bomb is not a guaranteed win at this point given that the bombing raids by 1943 were worse than the impact of A-bombs and those A-bombs were needed to fight Japan so that a ground invasion of the home islands wouldn't be necessary. I think the prospect of 1 million casualties to invade Japan was a major deterrent to using the August A-bombs in Europe given the major air power already built up to level cities. FDR would have wanted to use them in Europe anyway, since he wasn't all that interested in conquering Japan, but he'd be dead by the time they were ready and the more racist Truman had a different view of the war against Japan, the relationship with the Soviets, and even the war against Germany. I could see him saving the A-bombs for the Far East especially given that the Soviets, assuming the war was still raging in Europe into August 1945, wouldn't be able to help against the Japanese like IOTL. The US would have to do all the heavy lifting in Asia virtually alone, so spending the lives to win conventionally would undoubtedly see Truman want to resort to weapons like the B-29 and A-bomb there to spare American lives that would be needed to occupy mainland Asia.

That would mean no A-bombs used in Europe, just the large conventional bomber fleets, since those were already operating and capable of inflicting more damage than the 1945 A-bombs while the limited B-29s would have to be reserved for Asia given the distances involved and lack of bombers to achieve what was already being done in Europe conventionally.

About belgium 120mm gun - you are right,128mm would be better idea.And polish 155mm,like @Buba said,could not even work properly.
AFIAK the Polish gun was simply a domestic version of the French 155 like the US used. Same as they used the French 75 just made in Poland. And the domestic BAR variant.
The Germans did capture French 155mm production facilities, but didn't think it was worth making more, just using what they captured to defend France for the most part.
 

ATP

Well-known member
The air bases in Italy were quite large, but more aircraft were based in England since that had been building up since before the war and Italy only started getting Allied aircraft in September 1943.

The initial landings in France had the potential to be defeated at the beach line given the problem of spotting until they could get inland sufficiently and set up communications, but you are right that once established tossing them back in the sea would be virtually impossible. But if they could be hemmed in and bombarded and not able to break out then the lodgment would eventually have to be evacuated since unlike in Italy there was no main front to draw off reserves.

The Allies have a casualty limit they could take for no significant gain. Sure they could bombard Normandy to hell and back, but if they are kept in another Anzio without the ability to break out then it is unlikely they'd stay until 1945 due to the attrition rates. Plus if there were plenty of 128mm guns to go around the Normandy bridgehead if relatively contained would be getting pummeled by them out of range of counter battery fire. Basing 155s in Normandy would be difficult if the beachheads are contained and offshore naval fire support wouldn't really be in a position to conduct counter battery fire. AFAIK they only provided long range interdiction fires or direct fire support for the front lines due to their limited range and the challenges of communications and spotting. Air power would be the only way to really strike at artillery and as it was FLAK was quite dense in that region, costing the Allies over 4000 aircraft during the campaign. So airpower isn't a guaranteed solution either.

John Holland's book on Normandy, though I have a lot of disagreements with his takes, still has some interesting perspectives about the campaign, including the horrible attrition rate it imposed on the Allies before they could base significant forces on the continent, especially the air units. When hemmed in they couldn't really deploy their combat power effectively, so the badly outnumbered Germans were about to outperform what they really should have been capable of doing relative to the avalanche of material that was waiting to be fed into the continent.


Perhaps or the Allies could give up on Normandy and try to land elsewhere.

A-bomb is not a guaranteed win at this point given that the bombing raids by 1943 were worse than the impact of A-bombs and those A-bombs were needed to fight Japan so that a ground invasion of the home islands wouldn't be necessary. I think the prospect of 1 million casualties to invade Japan was a major deterrent to using the August A-bombs in Europe given the major air power already built up to level cities. FDR would have wanted to use them in Europe anyway, since he wasn't all that interested in conquering Japan, but he'd be dead by the time they were ready and the more racist Truman had a different view of the war against Japan, the relationship with the Soviets, and even the war against Germany. I could see him saving the A-bombs for the Far East especially given that the Soviets, assuming the war was still raging in Europe into August 1945, wouldn't be able to help against the Japanese like IOTL. The US would have to do all the heavy lifting in Asia virtually alone, so spending the lives to win conventionally would undoubtedly see Truman want to resort to weapons like the B-29 and A-bomb there to spare American lives that would be needed to occupy mainland Asia.

That would mean no A-bombs used in Europe, just the large conventional bomber fleets, since those were already operating and capable of inflicting more damage than the 1945 A-bombs while the limited B-29s would have to be reserved for Asia given the distances involved and lack of bombers to achieve what was already being done in Europe conventionally.


AFIAK the Polish gun was simply a domestic version of the French 155 like the US used. Same as they used the French 75 just made in Poland. And the domestic BAR variant.
The Germans did capture French 155mm production facilities, but didn't think it was worth making more, just using what they captured to defend France for the most part.

1.In Normandy allies could send 1000 B.17 and 1000 Lancaster during night to destroy any german position,in Italy they could not.That woud be difference.
2.In OTL A bombs could be more mass produced,if not for soviet influence.In case of stopping landing on beach in France,soviets would not influence american to produce less.
There would be enough A bombs for both Japan and Germany.

3.Almost all polish weapns was versions of french/155,75/,english/7tp,TKS/,or Czech/100mm/
only oryginal constructions were planes - medium bomber P.37,fighter P.11,light bombers P.23 and P.46,
but among artillery we have only oryginal 120mm mortar - bad construction,we should copy french,like soviets.
And semi automatic rifle,AT rifle and 20mm AA and AT gun.All good.Well,46mm mortar,too.
 

sillygoose

Well-known member
1.In Normandy allies could send 1000 B.17 and 1000 Lancaster during night to destroy any german position,in Italy they could not.That woud be difference.
Sure and they still managed to bomb themselves or massacre civilians:

In an effort to break through the bocage, the British forces on the eastern flank of the Allied beachhead under the leadership of Field Marshall Bernard Montgomery on July 18 launched a massive tank assault toward the city of Caen called Operation Goodwood.

Preceded by carpet bombing that leveled much of the city — killing around 3,000 civilians and largely missing German front-line units — the British tanks surged forward without infantry support and ran straight into anti-tank guns and panzers rushed in as reinforcements, including massive King Tiger tanks.
After several delays because of bad weather, on July 25, clear skies were recorded and the bombers of the 8th Air Force leaped into action. However, as the bomber formations approached Normandy, grey clouds reappeared.

The attack was called off — but not before over 100 aircraft dropped their bombs. Sixteen B-17s dropped their bomber two kilometers north of their target, hitting the 30th Infantry Division. Twenty-five American soldiers were killed and over 130 wounded. Enraged troops of the 120th Infantry Regiment even opened fire on the American planes.
Including the general that planned it:
Lt. Gen. Leslie McNair, one of the chief brains behind the Army’s training program and doctrine, had advanced to a foxhole at the tip of the attack in order to boost morale.

“The ground belched, shook and spewed dirt to the sky,” Bradley wrote in his autobiography A General’s Life. “Scores of our troops were hit, their bodies flung from slit trenches. Doughboys were dazed and frightened … A bomb landed squarely on McNair in a slit trench and threw his body 60 feet and mangled it beyond recognition except for the three stars on his collar.
The short bombing killed 111 American soldiers and wounded 490, the majority in the 30th Division. The entire headquarters staff of a battalion in its 47th regiment was wiped out save for the commander.

Eisenhower was so furious that he declared he would never employ strategic bombers on tactical targets again.

2.In OTL A bombs could be more mass produced,if not for soviet influence.In case of stopping landing on beach in France,soviets would not influence american to produce less.
There would be enough A bombs for both Japan and Germany.
Could be, but it would take time and wouldn't really be possible before 1946 from what I've read. They'd likely be reserved for Asia as well, since going after the IJA on the continent without the Russians was a big job and again there remained the need to invade Japan. Meanwhile the Allied air forces in Europe still existed and could do the same thing conventionally.

3.Almost all polish weapns was versions of french/155,75/,english/7tp,TKS/,or Czech/100mm/
only oryginal constructions were planes - medium bomber P.37,fighter P.11,light bombers P.23 and P.46,
but among artillery we have only oryginal 120mm mortar - bad construction,we should copy french,like soviets.
And semi automatic rifle,AT rifle and 20mm AA and AT gun.All good.Well,46mm mortar,too.
Makes sense why.
 

ATP

Well-known member
Sure and they still managed to bomb themselves or massacre civilians:



Including the general that planned it:




Could be, but it would take time and wouldn't really be possible before 1946 from what I've read. They'd likely be reserved for Asia as well, since going after the IJA on the continent without the Russians was a big job and again there remained the need to invade Japan. Meanwhile the Allied air forces in Europe still existed and could do the same thing conventionally.


Makes sense why.


1.Of course.But,when all Allies have beaches,bombing only germans would be easy.They could just destroy everything past 20km from shore.
Later,when they start gaining territory,it would change - but,it would save landing places from being overrun.

2.few more A bombs more in 1945 would be enough.And Japan was falling to hunger anyway.All thanks to submarines.
 

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