Since we've gotten what happens in the past out of the way, how do you see this effecting modern day? With a decent portion of central Europe gone, the old Soviet republics, and Mongolia, do you see them getting annexed in the future?
Mongolia is under military occupation by General Xu Shuzheng. The government of the Bogd Khanate however is intact, and Xu Shuzheng was a member of the Anhui Clique. However, there is one Mongolian and two Buryat regiments near Dauria loyal to Semyonov. Xu Shuzheng is likely to ask for assistance when he realises what has happened--from the Republic of China.
I doubt the ROC is going to send troops into Mongolia since this would re-start the Chinese Civil War. In that circumstance, with White Russian Buryat troops near the capital, and Xu Shuzheng himself aware he would probably be disappeared if the PLA took Niislel Khüree, I would expect that he would ask for the Russians and Putin would duly have Spetsnaz deploy into Niislel Khüree to secure the capital to help Xu Shuzheng and stabilise the Mongolian Bogd Khanate. The question is whether or not Xi thinks it worthwhile to risk a serious confrontation on China's northern frontier by trying to rush troops there first.
It might turn into the lowest point in Russo-Sinic relations since the 1960s.
Central Asia is just a bloody mess -- right now as of 1 December a massive battle is about to break out at Kazan-Jika between Red and White forces in what would be Turkmenistan; there is both the White Army and about 12,000 basmachi warriors sent by the Dictator who was de facto ruling the Khanate of Khiva; the Emir of Bukhara also has a substantial army in the field which was not defeated until much later as an anti-communist force. The White troops in the Krasnovodsk area will certainly ask for Russian intervention. Putin will probably present this as a peacekeeping force. Both Khiva and Bukhara, conversely, will certainly declare independence and ask for the UN to recognise them.
Mikhail Frunze, however, is in command of the Red Army operating under the auspices of the Tashkent Soviet. The "Ush - Horde" is the government of the Kazakhs operating in conjunction with the Soviet Power, and the main power of the White government was broken, but
substantial pro-white forces including Basmachi guerrillas, pro-white Kazakh hosts, and the Oral Cossack Host are still in heavy combat in northern areas of Kazakhstan. Madamin Bey has formed a joint Russo-Tajik state in the Ferghana valley under the auspices of the Basmachi movement which is, at that point, still resisting the Soviet Power (Madamin Bey ultimately switched sides, but not until March of 1920 historically).
Ironically, Afghanistan is still after the conclusion of the Anglo-Afghan War in August of 1919, and under the Emir, will be, frankly, better off than it has been for decades OTL. Nepal and Bhutan will also be quiet countries without significant problems and I think the hereditary Viziers in Nepal might be inclined to look more realistically at the situation of modernity....
French Laos, of course, will be its own problem, but one I can see the French government actually taking responsibility for the decolonisation of. If not, the Thais may move in as peacekeepers and prop up the indigenous monarchy which is presently under French suzerainty.
Bolivia and Paraguay will be barely more backward than they already are. Honestly, the trains will still be running and the British owned river and lake steamers will still operate, so their transportation networks might be more functional...
In Europe, chaos, recession, disorder. Zaolzie has Polish troops in it, but in uptime Europe was legally part of Czechia. Belarus... Is more or less under Polish occupation, and has substantial Polish minorities as noted. Czech troops are firing on German demonstrators in the Sudentenland, though of course Merkel won't do anything about it.
The Romanian occupation Army in Hungary, however... I would expect the uptime Habsburgs to rally for demands that the uptime Romanian state pull them back. This scenario might ironically lead to a Habsburg restoration in Hungary, but less likely in Austria.
Trianon has not been signed yet, and that means that the situation between Hungary and Serbia will be tense over Voivodina, while the Serbs will feel, considering the threat of losing Macedonia and Kosovo, put upon by the world.
Did I mention the EU will be in a massive recession?
Also the very large number of Romanian troops occupying Hungary will, as they withdraw back to Romania, probably destabilise the country with right-wing views and monarchism.
