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In reverse order: yes, the use of Latin isn't the only, or even the main, difference between Pauline and Tridentine Rites. It is the one that comes to the mind of most people when talking about the Tridentine Rite, though(that, and the priest facing God, instead of the faithful). That's why I...

I don't think they would keep the Tridentine Rite, because the theological justifications for the New Rite were already presented in Pius XII's Papacy -mainly in Mediator Dei, but also other encyclicals, like Musicae Sacrae. They will have to square that circle, and I think that the result will...

Eh, it had some impact, yes - the Shah now had more money to pursue his modernization efforts, which were the main cause of the Revolution.

What exactly are you referring to? EDIT: Eh, here I think there will be pressure against Vatican II, but most of its foundations were already laid - and pretty solid - by 1962. I think the Church will try to walk the tightrope(and almost certainly fail) and try to implement 'less radical'...

They can't play embargo games much earlier than they did - the 1973 Embargo worked, instead of failing like their previous(two, IIRC) earlier attempts, because US oil production couldn't cover oil consumption for the whole world anymore - whenever someone tried to pull an embargo, the oil...

Another reason the Dutch might not go to Brazil would be if the Dutch-Portuguese commercial and financial ties continue - until the late 16th Century, the sugar plantations in northeastern Brazil were mostly financed by Dutch commercial interests, who also were the biggest players in the...

It was successful; the problem was it was short-lived.

No, their decision, in 1973, was a rational one. It simply didn't work. The 'stupid' decision was deciding to stake their image on the Miracle - but I simply can't imagine a ruling group not doing the same.

I'm outright stating it - with the Brazilian Miracle of 1967-73, the Military Regime staked its legitimacy on economic prosperity. After 1973, the Regime decided to heavily borrow money to cover the growing hole in the Brazilian balance of payments and to fund an economic structure that wasn't...

Number 6 not possible unless you change the economy a lot - from the First Oil Shock on, the Military Regime(it wasn't a Junta, except on its first days) was doomed, it was only a matter of time.

Less likely, sure. Far less likely? That depends on you definition of 'far less likely', I suppose. There was much bipartisan support for taking out Saddam and his gang, in large part due to Saddam playing 'I'm Not Touching You' games and the fact that there was Democrat sympathy to the neocon...

Something that I've wondered about, yet have nowhere near the knowledge to expand on that: No Kant. Considering Kant was one of the main fonts of liberal thought, what would fill the void? How much would liberal thought change?

By the way, there is also another road(highway) proposal going from the port of Santos to Campo Grande, to Porto Murtinho in the Paraguay border, crossing into Paraguay through the Carmelo Peralta-Mariscal-Pozo Rondo(on the border with Argentina) route, going to Jujuy to cross the Andes and...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-Amazonian_Railway Wikipedia article is a stub, but has 2 or 3 links; also, you can go on to the page in Portuguese from there, which has more links to articles.

There is a proposal of a Transoceanic Railroad, with a (somewhat)different route: Campinorte on Goiás state(integration with the North-South Railroad) - Porto Velho(Rondônia state) - Cruzeiro do Sul(Acre state - while Cruzeiro do Sul isn't a border town, the territory of the Cruzeiro do Sul...

1888 is a bit too late for that. If you want to purge the Army(and it had to be purged, IMO), you must start by hanging the teachers of the Military Academy in the early 1880s. I do have a few half-planned ideas for an AH scenario, but I probably won't ever write it.

I suspect it would be closer to OTL India than OTL Taiwan. Losing the Civil War was a big wake-up call for the surviving KMT leadership.

Bolivian Navy would get one or two gunboats/'cruisers' at best - their navy was minimal in the War of the Pacific, even if they pay more attention to it, they would be building it up from virtually nothing. I don't think the real problem of the Spanish Navy was lack of modern ships(although...

Japan would buy whatever was available at the time - probably more Elswick cruisers. I don't know what effects would no 1890s South American arms race on which ships get built - historically, Elswick engaged in building ships without having a buyer for them, because they foresaw someone needing...

Maybe; the territory Chile won on the War of the Pacific wasn't that big a part of the current Chilean territory. But a Chile that doesn't have the money from the nitrate and copper mines won in that War will be less able to expand to the south. This means less dispute with Argentina, and less...