Hitler lets Army Group North retreat on time

sillygoose

Well-known member
On January 1st 1944 Hitler agreed to let AG-North retreat from its positions around Leningrad to avoid the huge offensive that was coming on the 14th, but ultimately he changed his mind and forced them to stay in place, which ultimately resulted in over 90,000 unnecessary losses and the drop of infantry strength from 70,000+ to about 17,000 in 2 weeks of combat in January.

But what if he hadn't changed his mind and let the January 1st order stand?

There were any number of switch lines behind the front that were built up to allow a phased fallback to the Panther Line around Narwa and Pskov, so had they chosen to they could have pulled another Operation Buffalo like their retreat from Rzhev and avoided significant casualties while inflicting heavy disproportionate ones on the Soviets:
Losses
Forces of the parties
876 000 people [1]unknown
38 862 non- returnable,
99 715 sanitary,
total 138 577 [1]
4 and 9 army during 1.3-31.3.1943:
3450 killed,
10,891 injured
926 prop. missing
, total 15 267 [2]

Assuming they were able to maintain that ratio, which they should be given how poorly the Soviets ran their OTL offensive in January 1944, by trading ground for time and lives, while avoiding the massive loss of equipment that happened IOTL they should have been able to free up about 8 divisions once they eventually reached the Panther Line (as had been planned before the heavy losses of the retreat IOTL) as well as bled out the Leningrad and Volkov Fronts quite badly not to mention let the 12th Panzer division remain with AG-Center (transferred to AG-North after the situation had become dire). Even with the situation in Ukraine remaining per OTL and AG-Center was stripped of their reserves per OTL, the reserves freed up by AG-North would be able to compensate for the loss of AG-Center's reserves, especially if 12th Panzer also stayed with Center.

Granted other than 12th Panzer the 8 divisions freed up then would be infantry divisions, but any reserves would have been better than no reserves. Given the ability of infantry divisions to man defensive positions more effectively than panzer divisions they might have been more effective in the role anyway, as they could the 2nd line defensive positions and hold open routes needed for retreat of the first line divisions. Plus AG-North had experienced much less attrition than the other army groups so the troops were disproportionately 1941 veterans, which means they'd be much more effective in their roles given their long experience in positional fighting as well as pre-Barbarossa training. Bagration was able to succeed due to 2nd line positions not being adequately manned, so that 1st line divisions couldn't leap frog back to safety and set up on shorter rearward positions since Hitler forced them to stay in line to the last second.

Given all that how does 1944 then play out if AG-North is much more intact and AG-Center has enough reserves to avoid being wiped out in June and can hold on the Beaver Line east of Minsk? I'm assuming D-Day plays out roughly the same, but Ukraine is somewhat different because rather than strip AG-North Ukraine of reserves to help make good Bagration losses AG-North's reserves save AG-Center, so AG-North Ukraine's reserves are in place to counter the Soviet Lwow-Sandomierz offensive.
 
Does this make a Romanian exit from the war in August 1944 considerably harder to do?
Depending on how it shakes out Romania would have stayed allied with Germany as the several panzer divisions that were stripped from AG-South Ukraine to assist North Ukraine would have stayed in place. Those divisions ensured the Soviets were defeated in the 'forgotten' Soviet first invasion of Romania; it is forgotten because the Soviets got slaughtered. They only succeeded in August due to the vital reserves being stripped out of Romania. It is unlikely the Soviets could have succeed in August with those reserves in place.

Question is though if this is enough to prevent the Soviet success during Lwow-Sandomierz, as that would determine the course of operations for the rest of the year. Finland wouldn't be knocked out in September without the success against AG-Center causing the abandonment of the Baltic states and the Courland pocket, which in turn means Soviet manpower is stretched to the limit, as forces freed up from the northern regions allowed Stalin to finish up 1944 in a strong position. Rokossovsky's memoir about the period after the success of Bagration and the push to Warsaw in August mention replacements from Russia were exhausted and they had to pressgang Poles and anyone else East of Warsaw into the Red Army to replace even just part of their losses in summer 1944. So if the Soviets are stymied east of Minsk, AG-North is able to hold the Panther Line, and AG-North Ukraine defeats the Lwow offensive in July, then the situation in Romania stays stable even when the Soviets attack and Stalin is basically out of replacements since the majority of them after summer 1944 came from newly conquered territories from June 22nd 1944-September 1944.
 
Depending on how it shakes out Romania would have stayed allied with Germany as the several panzer divisions that were stripped from AG-South Ukraine to assist North Ukraine would have stayed in place. Those divisions ensured the Soviets were defeated in the 'forgotten' Soviet first invasion of Romania; it is forgotten because the Soviets got slaughtered. They only succeeded in August due to the vital reserves being stripped out of Romania. It is unlikely the Soviets could have succeed in August with those reserves in place.

Question is though if this is enough to prevent the Soviet success during Lwow-Sandomierz, as that would determine the course of operations for the rest of the year. Finland wouldn't be knocked out in September without the success against AG-Center causing the abandonment of the Baltic states and the Courland pocket, which in turn means Soviet manpower is stretched to the limit, as forces freed up from the northern regions allowed Stalin to finish up 1944 in a strong position. Rokossovsky's memoir about the period after the success of Bagration and the push to Warsaw in August mention replacements from Russia were exhausted and they had to pressgang Poles and anyone else East of Warsaw into the Red Army to replace even just part of their losses in summer 1944. So if the Soviets are stymied east of Minsk, AG-North is able to hold the Panther Line, and AG-North Ukraine defeats the Lwow offensive in July, then the situation in Romania stays stable even when the Soviets attack and Stalin is basically out of replacements since the majority of them after summer 1944 came from newly conquered territories from June 22nd 1944-September 1944.

So, basically Stalin has to wait until 1945 and a new year's worth of cohorts are eligible for military service? Or does he lower the military service age from 18 to, age, 16 or 17?

One of my great-uncles was narrowly able to avoid the Soviet draft in World War II because he was born in 1928 and the war ended in 1945. But if the Soviet draft age will be lowered by as little as a single year (specifically from 18 to 17), then he might not have been anywhere near as lucky.
 
So, basically Stalin has to wait until 1945 and a new year's worth of cohorts are eligible for military service? Or does he lower the military service age from 18 to, age, 16 or 17?
Only if he wants to ruin production, since that cohort was already working, not being wasted in schools. Soviet manpower was largely tapped out by 1943, over 4 million replacements, the official ones, not the 'off the books' manpower, was mobilized from territories reconquered in 1943-45. Including PoWs liberated in 1944-45.

One of my great-uncles was narrowly able to avoid the Soviet draft in World War II because he was born in 1928 and the war ended in 1945. But if the Soviet draft age will be lowered by as little as a single year (specifically from 18 to 17), then he might not have been anywhere near as lucky.
They could, but it would have major consequences to production and recovery from the war. Question is when Stalin has decided further fighting would only cripple the USSR post-war, but he probably didn't realize the full extent of the manpower losses or off the books mobilization of manpower in reconquered regions.

Ironically my father has a similar story about Vietnam; his draft number was 2 away from being selected for his year and he avoided having to go because they had enough draftees for that class and they passed over the rest of his cohort the following year for the next year's group.
 
Interesting. So, you think that a Soviet-Nazi compromise peace becomes much more likely here? Or at least having the Soviets remain on the defensive until at least the spring of 1945?
 
Interesting. So, you think that a Soviet-Nazi compromise peace becomes much more likely here? Or at least having the Soviets remain on the defensive until at least the spring of 1945?
Yes, but since D-Day is succeeding ITTL what happened in autumn/winter is an open question.
 
So, the Soviets are likely to remain in the war, but the Iron Curtain post-war will be further to the east?
Again there are a lot of variables here. Could well be that the Iron Curtain is further east, could be the Normandy breakout with a less disastrous Eastern Front and weaker Red Army results in an Ardennes offensive that succeeds and results in a negotiated peace deal. Once you start making changes the further out you go from the POD the more you venture into the realm of speculation. If the Allies do worse overall in 1944 and the Soviets are stymied then yes it could very well mean the Iron Curtain is quite far east, but much depends on how the western front plays out.
 
Again there are a lot of variables here. Could well be that the Iron Curtain is further east, could be the Normandy breakout with a less disastrous Eastern Front and weaker Red Army results in an Ardennes offensive that succeeds and results in a negotiated peace deal. Once you start making changes the further out you go from the POD the more you venture into the realm of speculation. If the Allies do worse overall in 1944 and the Soviets are stymied then yes it could very well mean the Iron Curtain is quite far east, but much depends on how the western front plays out.

Would a successful Ardennes offensive really result in the Western Allies making peace, though?
 
Elaborate, please.
If successful, even in the version of the plan Rundestedt and Model advised the Allies would lose an entire army group and several air commands and at least 800,000 men if not over 1 million who would be cut off from their supplies by the Ardennes thrust. Allied armies were extremely hungry and thirsty due to their mechanization and methods of fighting, so for that to happen would effectively mean they were unable to fight. Its a VERY long explanation if you want the details, I researched it for a what if wargame, but effectively had the plan worked the Allies would have been unable to continue the war, not least of which because they were out of manpower as they had been fully mobilized (the British were down to disbanding divisions and reducing the size of the remainder to keep up to strength) and the US only able to field 90 divisions, which were entirely committed by the end of the Bulge IOTL. There was no way to field more except to mobilize millions of 4F men and drastically ration civilian goods in the US and then take 12 months to form new divisions and armies, which was politically impossible.
 
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If successful, even in the part Rundestedt and Model advised the Allies would lose an entire army group and several air commands and at least 800,000 men if not over 1 million who would be cut off from their supplies by the Ardennes thrust. Allied armies were extremely hungry and thirsty due to their mechanization and methods of fighting, so for that to happen would effectively mean they were unable to fight. Its a VERY long explanation if you want the details, I researched it for a what if wargame, but effectively had the plan worked the Allies would have been unable to continue the war, not least of which because they were out of manpower as they had been fully mobilized (the British were down to disbanding divisions and reducing the size of the remainder to keep up to strength) and the US only able to field 90 divisions, which were entirely committed by the end of the Bulge IOTL. There was no way to field more except to mobilize millions of 4F men and drastically ration civilian goods in the US and then take 12 months to form new divisions and armies, which was politically impossible.

What exactly is a 4F man?
 
What exactly is a 4F man?
Some one deemed medically unfit for military service:
 
Some one deemed medically unfit for military service:

I'm actually surprised that the US draft pool was already stretched to its limit by late 1944.
 
I'm actually surprised that the US draft pool was already stretched to its limit by late 1944.
When you consider that both the British and US opted to maximize production over having maximal armies it makes total sense. The Soviets were effectively the army of the Allies, who used production in Britain and the US to supply them as best they could. The US alone sent enough weapons to equip 60+ US style divisions. That was enough to equip at least 120 Soviet style divisions. So the the Wallies focused on large navies and air forces and limited armies, as production had priority over everything, but even then was still lagging vs. planned output by late 1944 due to large numbers of strikes in the US (even more reason that further drafts were impossible). It got to the point that the US forces in Europe had to 'borrow' about 400 Sherman tanks from the British in late 1944 because they couldn't supply more for themselves! Contrary to wartime propaganda the US had a limit to what they could produce and mobilize and had hit it.

If you want sources on that I've got several, including official US army histories that get into the details of what was up. People generally don't realize given all the post-war glossing over of the realities of the war, but US public morale was quite bad by late 1944, there were major demands for more civilian production and winding down of the war, and even General Marshall said he had never seen the US in the state it was by late 1944. Granted a lot of that had to do with the very heavy losses that were happening on the German border and the debate over unconditional surrender and the Morgenthau plan, but it was also war fatigue and domestic issues between labor and business leaders as well as anger at the government for suppressing labor during these disputes.
 
If you want sources on that I've got several, including official US army histories that get into the details of what was up. People generally don't realize given all the post-war glossing over of the realities of the war, but US public morale was quite bad by late 1944, there were major demands for more civilian production and winding down of the war, and even General Marshall said he had never seen the US in the state it was by late 1944. Granted a lot of that had to do with the very heavy losses that were happening on the German border and the debate over unconditional surrender and the Morgenthau plan, but it was also war fatigue and domestic issues between labor and business leaders as well as anger at the government for suppressing labor during these disputes.

I imagine me and you both share some of them already, but care to post them? The Conquerors and that one PDF concerning Marshall's statements I already have, if that helps any.
 
I imagine me and you both share some of them already, but care to post them? The Conquerors and that one PDF concerning Marshall's statements I already have, if that helps any.

This book? :

 
I imagine me and you both share some of them already, but care to post them? The Conquerors and that one PDF concerning Marshall's statements I already have, if that helps any.
Sure:






 

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